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As AI content floods the internet, Pangram raises $9M to detect it

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New York-based AI detection startup Pangram is on a mission to combat the AI slop infestation spreading across the internet, and it just raised $9 million on a bet that demand for tools that distinguish human-generated content from AI-generated text will only grow. 

Pangram’s fundraise — led by Menlo Ventures, with participation from Haystack, ScOp, Script Capital, and Cadenza — comes as the startup also launches its next-generation AI text detection model, Pangram 4, and an AI image detection model, Pangram Image. 

Pangram says the new text detection model is over 99% accurate at finding AI-assisted writing and mixed human-AI content, plus it can more easily detect AI humanizer programs. The AI image detector is only available via research preview for now; Pangram plans to release it more widely in the coming weeks.

Stanford AI and machine learning grads Max Spero and Bradley Emi launched Pangram about two years ago, after the launch of ChatGPT opened the floodgates for an internet full of bots, AI-generated SEO slop content, and what Spero calls “LLM-powered Russian disinformation campaigns and UAE-influenced campaigns on Twitter.”

“I think it’s just incredibly valuable to know whether what you’re looking at is something that’s AI-generated or not,” Spero told TechCrunch. “Especially text that you’re reading, because it changes how people approach the text. Is this something that I’m going to have to look out for hallucinations and jump in skeptically, or is this something that I trust was well-researched from an actual journalist?”

Pangram’s AI detection system is essentially a large machine learning model that was trained on tens of millions of known human documents. The startup then created a “synthetic mirror” for each document, replicating the topic, length, and tone of voice, but written by a frontier LLM. 

“Our model is learning the stylistic differences and the choices that AI makes consistently and is able to use that to learn what makes something AI-generated with high confidence,” Spero said, adding that the AI detector isn’t relying on copy-paste metadata or hidden watermarks. 

For Pangram, AI detection isn’t just about whether or not a piece of text was written entirely by AI. It’s also about distinguishing between levels of AI assistance — like in the case of someone who writes something themselves, but then asks AI to edit or clean it up. Spero believes AI assistance can be acceptable, just so long as the writer discloses their use of AI. 

Image Credits:Pangram

Pangram’s emergence comes at a time when AI usage is becoming more commonplace. In some cases, like the Canadian politician who read an AI prompt aloud in a speech to lawmakers, the mistakes result in ridicule. In other cases, as with certain lawyers making their case using fake citations created by ChatGPT, the consequences could be sanctions and fines.  

That backlash isn’t just costing individuals embarrassment or sanctions — it’s starting to show up in institutional rules, too.

The open-access archive arXiv introduced a new enforcement policy this year, stating that submissions containing evidence that authors failed to review LLM output (like hallucinated references or meta comments such as, “Would you like me to make any changes?”) can trigger a one-year submission ban.

Pangram isn’t the only one betting that AI detection will become more sought after. Competitors like Winston AI, Originality.ai, Copyleaks, and GPTZero are are chasing the same demand, each building its own detector.

Pangram’s technology, while not perfect, could help fuel the resistance to accepting the AI-generated content flooding the internet, the courtroom, and academic papers. 

Users can access Pangram via a $20-per-month subscription on the web or download the Chrome extension, which automatically labels posts in real time on X, LinkedIn, Substack, Reddit, and Medium. It also provides a feed health score with a percentage breakdown of human versus AI content on your screen. 

Pangram also offers its technology via API. Notably, Substack recently integrated Pangram’s technology into its platform to show readers which of their favorite authors write their newsletters using AI. Other API customers include Quora, schools and universities, publishers and agents, and recruiters, among others, per Spero. 

Does Pangram work?

Pangram detected AI-generated content even when lightly edited by a human. Image Credits:Pangram/TechCrunch

Spero said roughly one in 10,000 human documents are incorrectly labeled as AI with Pangram’s model, so I decided to put it to the test. The text detection model was very impressive but not perfect. It easily flagged entirely AI-generated news articles written by both ChatGPT and Claude, and was rarely fooled by my attempts to edit the AI-generated text into sounding more human. At the same time, Pangram did flag sentences that I completely rewrote as being AI-written. Pangram also wasn’t at all fooled by my attempts to prompt ChatGPT and Claude into evading AI detectors when generating content.  

I also gave ChatGPT and Claude one of my own articles and asked them to polish it up. Pangram gave it a 13% AI assisted score, which was probably close to accurate, but the model was able to detect subtle word-choice changes in some sentences and ignored them in others. It also flagged some sentences as AI-assisted when they were human written. That was notable because when I gave Pangram that same article in its entirety, as I had written it, it got a 100% human score. 

Maybe the problem was that news articles can be a bit dry and could easily sound like AI. So I tried a different tactic. I tested Pangram on my own more voicey, personal Substack newsletter content, pasting the first half of the text into Pangram and then asking ChatGPT and Claude to copy my style and write the second half. For the most part, Pangram easily detected human-written text versus AI-written text.

My limited testing of Pangram’s new image detection model turned out to be equally impressive. 

Image Credits:Pangram/TechCrunch

Pangram’s AI image detection system promises to spot AI-generated images across AI models, unlike OpenAI’s or Google DeepMind’s watermark-based checks, which mostly detect their own output. It works on pixel-level distributions, learning subtle statistical differences between real photos and AI-generated images. Spero says the model can even detect an AI image that appears inside a real-world photo. 

In my testing, the model easily detected AI-generated imagery, whether it was photorealistic or cartoonish. I can also confirm the model could detect an AI image appearing in a real-world photo — the heat map Pangram provides clearly lighting up over the image — though in one instance it incorrectly labeled a photo of an AI-generated image as human content. 

Spero says he doesn’t want his technology to fuel a witch hunt against people using AI for writing, but that there needs to be some sort of mechanism to push back against the slop. 

“The future that I see is that AI content just continues to proliferate,” Spero said. “We’re getting new GPUs faster than new people are being born. If we do not actively discriminate in favor of human content, then we’re just gonna see more and more AI, and it’s just gonna drown out any human signal that we have.”

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Perplexity employee who worked on Comet launches an AI browser aimed at knowledge work

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AI browsers were all the rage in 2025. Companies large and small tried to build browsers that baked in AI in an effort to own the interface people use to browse the internet.

How the turns have tabled. Today, OpenAI’s Atlas is history, and The Browser Company sold to Atlassian, with its Dia browser now focusing on productivity use cases. Firefox tried to strike a balance in its own AI efforts by providing an off-switch, but it got shouted at anyway.

This year, the focus has shifted to agents and automation. Startups like Strawberry, Browser Use, and Aside are building browsers with an agentic slant, and even Perplexity’s Comet has moved towards providing browser agents.

Amid this change, a startup called Polar has come out with an AI-first browser aimed at knowledge workers, and it has now raised a $5.7 million seed round led by Madrona.

CEO, Kevin Jiang, who previously worked at Perplexity on Comet, said the first wave of AI browsers aimed to change default search for users and have them chat with tabs for doing tasks like travel booking, which wasn’t a strong long-term proposition.

“If you think about end-user consumers, they don’t book a flight or make a reservation every day or every week. There wasn’t a strong pull for mass consumers to go to an AI browser and find value in it. That’s why our AI browser is not focused at all on mass consumers. We’re focused on where we think browser agents are actually valuable, which is knowledge work,” Jiang told TechCrunch.

With Polar, users can schedule workflows, save prompts and assign tasks to agents based on their open tabs. The company says the browser can be easily used by non-technical users, and can help with work like sales, recruitment, marketing, research and business operations.

The browser itself is free to use, and you get a few daily credits to spend on AI tasks. Users that want higher credit limits can pay for subscription plans starting from $20 per month.

Polar says most of its current user base just uses its browser for automating tasks while using another browser as their daily driver. The startup’s goal is to become a tool for automation, and it believes that the browser is currently the best way to do it. Still, it is open to exploring other avenues, such as computer use.

Sabrina Albert, a partner at Madrona, said automating tasks for knowledge workers is a huge market.

“I think that the hard part is building really reliable agentic work on the open, logged-in web. Building a web browser has a whole set of different advantages of understanding how users interact and engage with websites. Plus, they are logged into most of these websites, giving the tool access to services they use the most,” she said over a call.

The round also saw participation from ex-GitHub CEO Thomas Dohmke, Phia founder Phoebe Gates, Modal CEO Erik Bernhardsson, Flapping Airplanes co-founder Benjamin Spector, Etched co-founder Rob Wachen, and Fundamental Research Labs co-founder and CEO Robert Yang.

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Encore AI raises $30M to build AI agents that learn from customer calls

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Encore AI, a startup that studies companies’ customer interactions to train and deploy AI voice agents that can work alongside customer support and sales teams, or operate autonomously, has raised $30 million in a Series A round led by Team8.

Founded in 2022 as Insait IO by CEO Dvir Ginzburg, the company started out building recommendation software for financial advisers and relationship managers. Now rebranded as Encore AI, the startup has expanded that system into a platform that analyzes conversations between a company’s employees and customers to identify which approaches resulted in successful outcomes, and uses those findings to train its AI agents.

The result, according to Ginzburg, is an AI agent that leverages the strongest parts of the playbooks used by an organization’s employees.

“Sometimes our agents even tell the jokes that the relationship managers are telling, or give the anecdotes or examples that the relationship managers are giving, because we literally run by the playbooks that we see working […] The agent we build is a package of many different playbooks that have worked throughout the process,” he told TechCrunch in an exclusive interview.

Ginzburg calls the process “interaction mining.” The company’s platform collects call recordings, emails, text messages, and connects that info with CRM systems. It then divides the customer interactions into stages and tries to find out which parts of a conversation helped move the process along, and which failed.

This lets Encore’s agents, and consequently its customers, learn what works best for any particular client or interaction, as different employees may be either more or less effective at different points during a sales or customer success process, Ginzburg told TechCrunch.

The company’s platform also lets companies identify where their existing customer support and sales processes are falling short, identify inefficiencies and friction points, and find key issues.

Encore says its agents can communicate directly with customers by voice or text, as well as act as assistants to employees, recommending responses and tactics during conversations.

The company has more than 40 enterprise customers globally, the majority of which are financial institutions, according to Ginzburg. He said Encore’s annual recurring revenue has increased more than 5x since it raised its seed round less than 18 months ago, though he declined to disclose exact revenue numbers or valuation.

Encore’s early to this market, but its share may become harder to defend as large CRM providers like Salesforce, SAP, Zoho, and HubSpot can build similar AI capabilities around their customers’ data. But Ginzburg contends that access to data alone isn’t enough, as established vendors would need to overhaul their processes to make historical customer conversations the foundation of their agents like Encore does.

“The biggest players that we are competing against, they don’t see [conversational] history as a data point that they are utilizing. For them to start asking for conversational data with their current employees will require changing their entire implementation stack and technological stack,” he said.

Planven, Lukatz and Garage also participated in the round, as did some banks and insurers. Encore said some of the financial institutions participating in the round first used its product before deciding to invest.

The startup plans to use proceeds from the Series A to expand its U.S. sales operations and deploy its platform with more large financial institutions.

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DoorDash is building its own drone delivery business

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DoorDash is building a drone delivery business, including its own aircraft, as part of an effort developed by its robotics and autonomy team, which will eventually operate within the company’s delivery app.

The company unveiled the new business, called DoorDash Air, after receiving a Part 135 air carrier certification from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. The certification allows the company to legally operate a commercial drone delivery service in the United States.

This does not mean DoorDash’s custom-built drones will be delivering burritos tomorrow, or even next month. The company didn’t provide a detailed timeline for when its aircraft would be used in operations. But before they do, it will likely begin with limited pilot programs in which the unmanned aircraft will travel short distances while remaining within the line of sight of the operator.

If DoorDash wants its drones to fly autonomously over longer distances, it will need the FAA to approve its Beyond Visual Line of Sight technology, a certification that companies like Amazon, Wing and Zipline have received in recent years.

Despite the new program, the food and grocery delivery company is maintaining its existing partnerships with Wing and Flytrex. DoorDash partnered with Alphabet’s Wing in 2022 for a drone delivery program in Australia, later expanded the partnership to a couple of U.S. cities, including Dallas-Fort Worth, in 2024.

DoorDash Air was developed within DoorDash Labs, the R&D team behind Dot, the autonomous sidewalk delivery bot the company introduced in September 2025. The delivery bot is now operating in Phoenix suburbs of Tempe, Mesa, Gilbert, and Chandler as well as in Fremont, California.

The company’s foray into sidewalk bots and drones may seem well outside its core business model — an app that connects restaurants and customers with contractors who pick up food and deliver it to people’s doors. But DoorDash’s co-founder and chief product officer Stanley Tang said there is a common thread.

“We didn’t start with the question, “What’s the coolest autonomous tech we could make?” We started from first principles: What’s the actual customer problem that needs to be solved?” Tang wrote in a blog post on Wednesday announcing DoorDash Air.

In the company’s view, drones and sidewalk bots are part of the broader delivery network it is building.

The physical hardware — for instance, a 350-pound sidewalk bot or a drone — is important to this expanded view. But Tang argues that the operating system, particularly the software that can correctly determine what mode is used to deliver that burrito, sushi or pad thai, is just as critical.

DoorDash Labs has already developed software, called the Autonomous Delivery Platform, to handle the coordination challenge, according to Tang, and this operating system works with Dot, human delivery drivers and soon, the drone.

He noted that the company is tackling the full stack of challenges, from hardware and embedded systems to routing algorithms, and deciding in real-time whether human drivers, drones, or a sidewalk bot is the best option to dispatch a delivery.

This complexity was part of Tang’s recruitment pitch to engineering hires in the blog post.

“Most autonomy companies work on one layer. At DoorDash, you’re working on all of them simultaneously; nobody else is running all these systems on one network,” he wrote. “DoorDash is where the most interesting problems in autonomy are being solved today.”

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